Note: For works that are part of a greater whole (e.g. Read more from the APA Style website if there are 21 or more authors. Use an ampersand (&) before the final author's name. Note: List each author's last name and initial as Author, A. In-text citations differ depending on the number of authors listed for a work, and if there is a group author.
In the sciences and social sciences, only use the exact phrasing or argument of an individual when necessary. Toro Tip: Use direct quotes sparingly! Focus on summarizing the findings from multiple research studies.
Shavers (2007) study found the following: While research studies have established that socioeconomic status influences disease incidence, severity and access to healthcare, there has been relatively less study of the specific manner in which low SES influences receipt of quality care and consequent morbidity and mortality among patients with similar disease characteristics, particularly among those who have gained access to the healthcare system. The in-text citation in parentheses goes after the punctuation of the quote. Instead, indent the text 1/2" as a visual cue that you are citing. If you're directly quoting more than 40 words, use a blockquote. Brown (2019) found that "Direct quote" (p.
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